Solar Panel (PV Module)

A solar panel, formally a photovoltaic (PV) module, is a weatherproof assembly of solar cells that converts sunlight into DC electricity. Residential panels in India today are typically rated 440–575 Wp each.

A panel is specified by wattage (Wp), efficiency (~20–22.5% for current Mono PERC/TOPCon), voltage characteristics (Voc, Vmp), and warranty (10–12 years product, 25–30 years performance). For subsidised residential systems, panels must be from the ALMM list and DCR-compliant.

Part of the HUM Solar Glossary — 75+ plain-language definitions for India’s solar ecosystem, maintained as a neutral reference. Browse all terms →